The Research Behind CELLUBIOME, Study by Study

Urolithin A — 500 mg

Andreux et al. 2019 — Nature Metabolism

• What it was: first-in-human randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 60 sedentary adults aged 61–85. A single-dose phase, then 28 days of 250, 500, or 1,000 mg urolithin A daily, or placebo.
• What it measured: primary endpoint was safety and tolerability — urolithin A was reported safe and well tolerated at all doses. Exploratory measures: plasma acylcarnitines decreased; a mitochondrial gene-expression signature was reported in skeletal muscle at 500 and 1,000 mg.
• What it did not measure: physical-performance improvement over the four weeks (none reported); anything beyond 28 days; anything with tributyrin.
• CELLUBIOME comparison: 500 mg/day is the lower of the two doses that produced the biomarker signature. 250 mg did not.
• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32694802/

Singh et al. 2022 — Cell Reports Medicine

• What it was: randomized, placebo-controlled trial in middle-aged adults; 500 or 1,000 mg urolithin A daily for four months.
• What it measured: the authors reported changes in muscle-strength and exercise-performance measures and in mitochondrial-health biomarkers versus placebo.
• What it did not measure: any finished supplement. Trial averages are not individual promises, and Age Revive does not make strength or performance claims for CELLUBIOME on the basis of this study.
• CELLUBIOME comparison: 500 mg/day matches the lower trial dose.
• https://www.cell.com/cell-reports-medicine/fulltext/S2666-3791(22)00158-6

Citation hygiene: Andreux is the 2019 Nature Metabolism paper; Singh is the 2022 Cell Reports Medicine paper. They are often confused online. We keep them separate.

What urolithin A has not been shown to do in humans: extend lifespan (animal and laboratory findings only), raise energy, reverse aging, or treat any condition. The human data are tolerability and biomarker data over 4 weeks to 4 months. Full explainer: What Is Urolithin A?

Tributyrin — 500 mg, enteric-coated

Miyoshi et al. 2011 — Clinical Nutrition

• What it was: a rat study. Oral tributyrin was given before an inflammatory challenge.
• What it measured: oral tributyrin raised butyrate concentrations in the portal vein — the blood vessel carrying absorbed nutrients from the intestine — within an hour of dosing. This is evidence that swallowed tributyrin is converted to butyrate and absorbed from the gut.
• What it did not measure: anything in humans; any comparison against sodium butyrate; any finished supplement.
• CELLUBIOME comparison: there is no human tributyrin dose to compare against. 500 mg is a formulation decision.
• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21051124/ (animal study)

Butyrate and the gut wall — general physiology

No single trial is cited here because the underlying facts are textbook biochemistry: butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid produced when gut bacteria ferment fiber, and it is the primary fuel for colonocytes, the cells lining the colon. Supporting colonocyte function is what "supports gut-barrier integrity" means in plain language.

Tributyrin is butyrate in triglyceride form: three butyrate molecules on a glycerol backbone. As a triglyceride it does not dissociate in stomach acid the way a butyrate salt does; it is broken apart by lipase enzymes in the intestine. That chemistry — not a human trial — is the reason CELLUBIOME uses tributyrin rather than sodium butyrate. The comparison is laid out in Tributyrin vs Sodium Butyrate.

Enteric coating — an engineering decision

CELLUBIOME's hypromellose capsules carry an enteric coating (hypromellose and PEG) that keeps the capsule sealed until it has left the stomach. This is separate from the tributyrin decision and adds a second layer of protection. It is a manufacturing choice; we do not claim it has been validated in a human trial.

Why the two are paired

Urolithin A is a gut-derived metabolite that does its studied work downstream, in mitochondria. Tributyrin supplies fuel to the gut wall's own cells. One serving therefore addresses two layers of what we call the gut-mitochondria axis: the barrier and the engine. The pairing is a formulation decision informed by physiology. It has not been tested as a combination in any trial, and we say so. Full reasoning: Urolithin A + Tributyrin and The Gut-Mitochondria Axis.

What the lot certificate shows

Every CELLUBIOME lot is third-party tested. The current certificate — Lot 150126, tested by an ISO/IEC 17025-accredited laboratory — reports:

The certificate is on the quality page. These are CELLUBIOME's numbers only; each product's lot is tested separately.

What has not been studied

The claims we make, and the claims we do not

We say: supports mitochondrial renewal through the mitophagy pathway · supports gut-barrier integrity · supports colonocyte function · supports the gut-mitochondria axis · 500 mg urolithin A, a dose aligned with published human research · a more bioavailable form of butyrate · not a probiotic · every dose on the label · every lot tested.

We do not say: boosts energy · improves strength · heals or repairs the gut · treats any digestive condition · extends lifespan · clinically proven · dose-matched · the only formula of its kind.

Where to verify

• Every study above links to PubMed or the publishing journal.
• The full ingredient panel is on the CELLUBIOME product page and printed on the bottle.
• The Lot 150126 certificate is on the quality page.

Frequently asked questions

Is CELLUBIOME clinically proven? No supplement is, and we do not use that phrase. CELLUBIOME's urolithin A dose is aligned with two human trials of the compound (Andreux 2019; Singh 2022). The finished formula, and the urolithin A + tributyrin pairing, have not been tested in a trial.

What did the Andreux 2019 study actually find? In 60 sedentary adults aged 61–85, urolithin A at 250, 500, and 1,000 mg/day for 28 days was safe and well tolerated. Plasma acylcarnitines decreased and a mitochondrial gene-expression signature appeared in muscle at the 500 and 1,000 mg doses. No physical-performance improvement was reported over the four weeks.

Is there human research on tributyrin? Not at the level of an outcome trial. The cited delivery study (Miyoshi 2011) is in rats. CELLUBIOME's use of tributyrin rests on butyrate physiology and the chemistry of the triglyceride form, which survives stomach acid.

Was the urolithin A in CELLUBIOME tested? Yes. The current lot (150126) was tested by an ISO/IEC 17025-accredited laboratory at 548.15 mg urolithin A per 2 capsules against a label claim of not less than 500 mg. The certificate is on the quality page.

Sources

1. Andreux PA, Blanco-Bose W, Ryu D, et al. The mitophagy activator urolithin A is safe and induces a molecular signature of improved mitochondrial and cellular health in humans. Nature Metabolism. 2019;1:595–603. doi:10.1038/s42255-019-0073-4. PMID 32694802.
2. Singh A, D'Amico D, Andreux PA, et al. Urolithin A improves muscle strength, exercise performance, and biomarkers of mitochondrial health in a randomized trial in middle-aged adults. Cell Reports Medicine. 2022;3(5):100633. doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100633. PMID 35584623.
3. Miyoshi M, Sakaki H, Usami M, et al. Oral administration of tributyrin increases concentration of butyrate in the portal vein and prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in rats. Clinical Nutrition. 2011;30(2):252–258. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2010.09.012. PMID 21051124.
4. Age Revive. CELLUBIOME Lot 150126 third-party certificate of analysis

Related reading

• What Is Urolithin A? Mitophagy, Your Microbiome, and What Human Trials Measured — Urolithin A is a gut-derived metabolite studied for supporting mitophagy, the process cells use to recycle worn-out mitochondria.
• Urolithin A + Tributyrin: Gut Barrier and Mitochondrial Support — Urolithin A has a human study behind it; tributyrin is a butyrate delivery choice. What Andreux 2019 measured and why CELLUBIOME is not a probiotic.
• The Gut-Mitochondria Axis: Why Your Gut Lining and Your Cellular Engine Run on the Same Loop — Most "gut health" products describe the gut as a tube full of bacteria and stop there.
• How to Choose a Urolithin A Supplement: The Six-Check Label Test — Six checks that separate real urolithin A supplements from precursors and trace-dose products, from studied dose and purity to price.

About the author

Andy Palenzuela is the founder of Age Revive and has 14+ years of experience in regulated nutrition supply chains, including manufacturing oversight, ingredient sourcing, and quality assurance for consumer health products. Age Revive formulas are developed based on published peer-reviewed research and manufactured at cGMP-certified facilities. LinkedIn